Treatment for colon cancer depends on the stage of cancer and your underlying health status. Colon cancer treatment typically involves surgery for tumor removal, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy.

Surgery – In the early stages, the size of colon cancer is small; it allows easy excision. As the polyp is easy to localise and is contained, a colonoscopy can successfully remove the tumour. In such cases, the risk of recurrence is relatively low.

• • Larger polyps may need parts of the colon removed through a procedure known as endoscopic mucosal resection.
  • If a colonoscopy does not provide sufficient space for removing the polyp, laparoscopic surgery can be beneficial. The surgeon will make small incisions along specific locations on your abdomen to insert specialized surgical instruments.
  • Advanced colon cancer can extend into the surrounding tissues and organs. An aggressive surgical approach to respect the tumor may be necessary.
  • The surgeon can perform a colectomy to remove part of the colon with tumour and the surrounding healthy tissues. They may also create an incision in the wall of your abdomen after the resection. A colostomy bag is then fit securely over that opening to help with waste elimination.

Chemotherapy – It uses specific drugs to destroy cancerous cells. You can receive chemotherapy before the surgery to control the tumor size or post the surgery as an adjunct.

Radiation therapy – It uses targeted radiations to destroy cancerous cells. Just like chemotherapy, it can be an adjunct to surgery.

Immunotherapy – It involves the administration of drugs to activate your immune system. The drugs stimulate your immune cells to recognise and target cancerous cells.